Makka LCA
Carbon footprint of the Makka
Explore the carbon footprint
What is included in the life cycle analysis?
The LCA covers the entire life cycle of the motorcycle from cradle to grave, starting with material extraction, refining the raw material, manufacturing of parts, assembly, use, maintenance and end-of-life.
Makka flex emissions across different life stages
The overall carbon footprint of the bike depends on several factors, while CAKE controls the production phase emissions, maintenance and use phase emissions varies across riders and riding conditions. The estimated life cycle emissions of Makka flex, for riding 200 000 km when charged with EU average electricity mix is 3424 kg CO2e. The below graph shows the breakdown across individual life stages.
Life cycle footprint of a Makka flex
The role of electricity mix in the use phase is significant. Any country with high dependency of fossil sources will result in the bike having higher life cycle emissions. The graph below shows a range of countries and several electricity sources (all values in kg CO2e).
Where does all the emissions come from?
The emission flow diagram below, shows the dependency of the use phase on the overall carbon footprint of the Makka :work motorcycle. The emission factor for different electricity mixes have a significant impact on the life cycle emissions. It accounts for 44% of the overall carbon footprint. Battery (across production and maintenance phase) represents 26% of the life cycle emissions and Aluminium being the key raw material, holds 22% of the overall life cycle emissions.
Carbon footprint of different Makka models
The list below shows the carbon footprint of different Makka models with various use phase electricity mixes (in kg CO2e).
Carbon footprint of individual parts of Makka
If you are curious about the break down of the carbon footprint of the production phase. Below is the list of emission of individual parts that make up the Makka bike (in kg CO2e).